Diseases and Pests of Garlic 6/12 Rust

Diseases and Pests of Garlic 6/12 Rust (caused by Puccinia allii)

Initial symptoms may include small, circular to elongate, white flecks on leaves and stems. As the disease progresses, the flecks develop into orange oblong lesions. Heavy infection results in leaves turning yellow, wilting, and drying and bulbs may be significantly reduced in size and quality.

Rust is an airborne pathogen and spreads from infected plant material, such as crop residue and infected volunteer plants. High humidity conditions such as coastal climates or heavy rainfalls are favorable to the onset of the disease. Collection of all plant residues after harvest, crop rotation, and weed management are the primary defenses against this fungus. In wet and warmer climates, space the planted cloves farther apart to allow more room for the top growth to breathe. Finally, don’t overdo your Nitrogen since it make the leaves soft, lush and vulnerable.

We’ve also learnt of a preventative from Linky Smith, a fellow garlic farmer in South Africa. It uses Neem oil (which is not approved for organic certification in Canada). Here’s the recipe:

10 milliliters Neem oil
20 liters water
10 milliliters liquid soap or equivalent (as a solving agent)

Apply by spraying onto the plant after a heavy rain event. If you live in an area where rain events are a daily occurrence, then apply every few days when it seems the heaviest rainfall has passed. Prevention is easier than cure, spray after each rain if reasonable to do so.

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